Jul 16, 20 the egyptian revolution and the military coup by joyce chediac posted on july 16, 20 this article is adapted from a talk given by joyce chediac at workers world party meetings in new york and boston on july 12 and. An important analysis of the egyptian revolution and. Egyptian revolution, it is worth elaborating on the economic. Whilst information and communication technology ict provided critical channels to mobilize. Economic conditions in egypt prior to 25th of january revolution. This evening the general formed a new civilian government with himself as prime minister and commanderinchief. This is an historical perspective on the arab spring particularly in egypt, but generalisable to some extent to other arab countries from a historian by education and practice.
A peculiar personal experience drew me from being another egyptian protesting in tahrir square in cairo to the state historian of the egyptian revolution. Thi s researc h articl e attempts to scrutinize the nature and cause s of the ara b uprising s which too k people by surpris e globall y throughou t 2011 and int o 2012. The egyptian revolution poem by reem ehab poem hunter. Egypt has been a leading player in the history of islam, at times as its political leader, usually as a trading entrepot, and almost always as a religious and cultural center. Inside the egyptian revolution and the rebirth of a nation. They speak a dialect of arabic, either the colloquial arabic of cairo and the nile delta or that of upper egypt, or what they call allahga al. Since the fall of the former egyptian president hosni mubarak, female activists have faced the problem of how to transfo. Jun 01, 2011 the revolution s early days witnessed a dramatic collapse of the egyptian police force on which the former regime had spent tens of billions of pounds and which it had furnished with arms and. The egyptian revolution of 2011, also known as the january 25 revolution arabic.
One of the social causes of the egyptian revolution lay in the widening divide between the rich and the poor. Prior to the revolution on the 25th of january, the economy in. Still, when activists began sharing a call for revolution in 2011, i doubted we could succeed. Egypt s revolution means nothing if its women are not free jumanah younis a mob of men attacking an international womens day demo should not be allowed to happen in the new egypt. The egyptian revolution of 1952 was staged during the. By day 3 of the revolution, the government decided to stop everyone from communicating digitally. The praxis of the egyptian revolution middle east research and information project 4611 11. Beginning in december 2010, unprecedented mass demonstrations against poverty, corruption, and political repression broke out in several arab countries, challenging the authority of some of the most entrenched regimes in the middle east and north africa.
Clearly communication was important for twitter to retain their reputation as a free expression mini blog medium and the activists to keep track of their progress. The date was set by various youth groups to coincide with the annual egyptian police holiday as a statement against increasing p. While it was the death of muhammad bouazizi in tunisia that sparked the arab spring in tunisia, then elsewhere, in egypt another death proved an important symbolic catalyst for revolution. Given the potential of emotional and efficacyrelated visual content for motivating activism, this exploratory content analysis examined the content of twitter images of the 2011 egyptian revolution. The egyptian revolution and post socioeconomic impact. Micah garen and mariehelene carleton is raising funds for if. Egyptian revolution of 2011 wikimili, the free encyclopedia. The revolutions early days witnessed a dramatic collapse of the egyptian police force on which the former regime had spent tens of billions of pounds and which it had furnished with arms and. Poljarevic, emin 2009, egypt, revolution of 1952, international encyclopedia of revolution and protest immanuel ness et al eds. Inside the egyptian revolution and the rebirth of a nation khalil, ashraf on. Women and the egyptian revolution nicola pratt, 12 july 2011 from 25 january until 11 february, millions of egyptians took to the streets of cairo, alexandria, suez and other cities. The arab spring was a series of prodemocracy uprisings that enveloped several largely muslim countries, including tunisia, morocco, syria, libya, egypt and shows this day in history.
Main causes of the egyptian conflict with mubarak synonym. In the same way that pamphlets didnt cause the american revolution, social media didnt cause the egyptian revolution, said sascha meinrath, director of the new america foundations open. Here are some observations surrounding the 18 days of protest, which successfully challenged president hosni mubaraks nearly 30 years of rule. The failings of decades of autocracy are the reason for the chaos we see today across the arab world. Egypt is on the verge of a civil war to bring a resolution to. Contributed to chaos in egypt new york times correspondent david kirkpatrick says. The egyptian protest movement which brought down the egyptian regime headed by president. Although we expect that the first free presidential elections in. The egyptian revolution of 2011 free essay example by essaylead. People who produce half a revolution dig their own grave. Jan 16, 2015 assessing the countrys revolution, four years later.
United nations economic and social commission for western asia. The egyptian army has forced prime minister aly maher out of office, following a bloodless coup six weeks ago. Because autocracy is the problem, more autocracy is unlikely to provide a durable solution. The egyptian revolution whatever the outcome of todays protests, one thing is clear. The economic causes of the egyptian revolution january 25, 2011. The two leaders of this revolution were muhammad naguib and gamal abdel nasser. The egyptian revolution essay example 975 words bartleby. The egyptian revolution effects the egyptian revolution was as magnificent event. The precursors to the egyptian revolution started on 17 th. Before the demonstrations began, there was an uprising in tunisia. Soon the demonstrations grew into a mass protest against the government by people of all walks of life, in cairo and in other major cities in egypt, most. Most causes of the 2011 egyptian revolution against mubarak also existed in 1952, when the free officers ousted king farouk.
Since the fall of the former egyptian president hosni mubarak, female activists have faced the problem of how to transform the spirit of the uprising into longlasting reform of the political and social landscape. Cambridge core middle east studies chronicles of the egyptian revolution and its aftermath. The egyptian revolution and the military coup workers world. An important analysis of the egyptian revolution and counter revolution. Last month, on the anniversary of the egyptian uprising, activists released a new online archive of the revolution. At the start of the egyptian revolution in 2011, the country was largely plagued by inconsistency as it pertained to the equitable distribution of wealth, and the lack of social justice mossallem, 20. For some purposes the flag of a white crescent and three stars on green was still used until 1958. This change resulted in successful and semi successful revolutions. This latest revolution in egypt, the second in the last two years, is a symptom of a deeprooted problem at the heart of islam itself. A look at turmoil in egypt since the 2011 revolution youtube. The arab world has been moving towards change in successive events since the beginning of 2011. Pdf on jan 19, 2016, noha bakr and others published the egyptian revolution. Those sceptics and intellectual snobs who constantly harp on the alleged low level of consciousness of the masses now have their answer. Chronicles of the egyptian revolution and its aftermath.
Women and the egyptian revolution ebook by nermin allam. But it seems he failed to implement the reforms quickly enough to satisfy the leaders of the egyptian revolution or to root out those involved in corruption. This book sheds light on the growing phenomenon of cyberactivism in the arab world, with a special focus on the egyptian political blogosphere and its role in paving the way to democratization and sociopolitical change in egypt, which culminated in egypts historical popular revolution. The analysis of 581 images revealed more efficacyeliciting crowds, protest activities, national and religious symbols than emotionally arousing. The number of protests around egypt and sudan spread like wildfire, as thousands of people a day worked to overthrow their own king. Country marks five years since the start of demonstrations that led to the downfall of longtime ruler hosni mubarak. Abdou, zeinab zaazou modern sciences and arts university msa, egypt abstract. It has restored dignity and respect to egypt and egyptians as a whole. Read women and the egyptian revolution engagement and activism during the 2011 arab uprisings by nermin allam available from rakuten kobo. The revolution was initially aimed at overthrowing king farouk. This revolution was considered by the whole world to be one of the greatest revolutions of modern world hist. Media in category egyptian revolution of 2011 the following 200 files are in this category, out of 270 total. Causes and effects of egyptian revolution free essays. The egyptian revolution of 1919 was a countrywide revolution against the british occupation of egypt and sudan.
However, the movement had more political ambitions, and soon moved to abolish the constitutional monarchy and aristocracy. The arab spring in egypt religious literacy project. The egyptian revolution of 1952 overthrew king faruk and nasser became. The name was consciously assumed by the free officers and civilians movement, led by brigadiergeneral najib alsalihi who opposed saddam hussein. The people of egypt possess at least three identities. Egypt on the ancient hebrews, mesopotamians, and syrians, and on classical greece and rome. People wanted to change their fatethey couldnt no longer shut up and waityears have passed and decade after decade. The national character in the egyptian revolution 183 evacuation of british forces and for complete independence mounted, and under the leadership of nasser, the secret society of free officers, which was effectively organized in 1942, found on the eve of 23 july 1952, an opportune moment to strike.
Many groups in egypt are working for political change progressive and regressive, transparent and dubious and the stakes are high because the. In the 2011 egyptian revolution, many demonstrations and riots were held in egypt. Now, on any given day, i struggle to make enough money to afford a slice of pizza. A documentary film of the egyptian revolution on kickstarter. Most explanations followed the same pattern, blaming economic stagnation, poverty, inequality, corruption and unemployment. The egyptian revolution and post socioeconomic impact doaa s. The protesters were galvanized by the unexpected success of the tunisian people in forcing their dictatorial president to flee on 14 january, following. Women and the egyptian revolution nermin allam since the fall of the former egyptian president hosni mubarak, female activists have faced the problem of how to transform the spirit of the uprising into longlasting reform of the political and. Such measures along with the economic freefall were decried by workers. Oct 19, 2014 egypt is a country that not many people know about.
The date was set by various youth groups to coincide with the annual egyptian police holiday as a statement against increasing police brutality during the last. The decline in economic assistance to egypt source. They carry egyptian identity cards or passports and usually introduce themselves to new acquaintances as egyptians. An online archive of the egyptian revolution alfanar media.
And even the wave of protest that began to swell in 2000 was interpreted as another index of the regimes skill. The media was relatively free, giving vent to popular frustrations. As an information activist working in zimbabwe, ive found the role of digital technologies in egypts revolution fascinating. Once i spent my days hustling between protests, interviews with journalists, and meetings with foreign diplomats. It is also called the day of anger and the day of revolt. Egypts revolution means nothing if its women are not free. Britain disbanded the egyptian army because it was not accomplishing anything. People were free to be inventive and artistic as they thought up slogans, created chants, and drew up posters that focused on mubarak, his family, and the. Prior to discussing the direct and indirect reasons behind the egyptian revolution, it is worth elaborating on the economic, social, and political circumstances of egypt prior to the 25th of january revolution. The economic inequality affected social cohesion and the overall health of the population. Has the country become the first front in a regional counterrevolution backed by. Mar 09, 2011 egypts revolution means nothing if its women are not free. Egypts story in these years centers upon the effort to free the country from a foreign yoke and to find a policy capable of eradicating the evils accumulated by feudalism and compounded by misuse of governmental power.
How i went from leading the egyptian revolution to making. Protesters called for mubarak to step down immediately, clearing the way for free elections and democracy. The egyptian revolution carries a challenging transition phase, starting out with problems such as low foreign direct investments fdi, a high budget deficit, a high debt. The egyptian revolution of january 2011 failed and did not change the fundamental political structure of the country, which ended up under military rule. It was carried out by egyptians and sudanese from different walks of life in the wake of the britishordered exile of revolutionary leader saad zaghlul, and other members of the wafd party in 1919. A look at turmoil in egypt since the 2011 revolution. The role of social media in the 2011 egyptian revolution. Mr maher has been slow to carry out social and land reforms demanded by the army and has given way to general muhammad neguib. Egyptians hoped for leaders to champion their cause. Social media sparked, accelerated egypts revolutionary. Egypt was experiencing a vast disparity regarding access to basic.
Women and the egyptian revolution university of warwick. Feb 21, 2018 last month, on the anniversary of the egyptian uprising, activists released a new online archive of the revolution. Sisi is younger, sharper, and more vigorous than hosni mubarak, but hes applying the same tools to the same problems. In early july of 1952, a group of egyptian officers who wanted to speak out in an organized way formed a group called the free. When what the revolution started on january 25, 2011. Thawrah 25 yanayir, started on 25 january 2011 and spread across egypt. Consistency of us military assistance to egypt source. The egyptian revolution is also referred to as the egyptian protests, days of rage, the papyrus revolution and the lotus revolution. In the weeks after that, demonstrations and riots began in egypt.
Through it all, i have watched egypt and the achievements of our revolution fall apart. It should be no surprise, then, that egypts 1952 military coup, the free officers revolt, overthrew the monarchy and achieved independence from british colonization, but in the same stroke set back the kind of liberalization of egyptian institutions for which saad zaghlouls 1919 revolution strove. The revolution started on police day, a public holiday, 25 january 2011, with a series of peaceful demonstrations in cairo that were originally meant to draw attention to police brutality. Egyptian activists dared to talk about revolution because we had just witnessed one. A new cause of the arab spring is the increase in population, which increased unemployment. Many people probably assume that the only history that egypt had was pyramids, pharaohs, and mummies. A documentary film of the egyptian revolution by micah. In egypt, demonstrations organized by youth groups, largely independent of egypt s established opposition parties, took hold in the capital and in cities around the country. The roots and causes of the 2011 arab uprisings kamal eldin osman salih abstract. Social media has had a major impact on new age activism. The anniversary of the egyptian revolution of 1952 led by the free officers is commemorated as revolution day, an annual public holiday in egypt on 23 july. This revolution was considered by the whole world to be one of the greatest revolutions of modern world history. The egyptian revolution of 2011 free essay example by. Aug 14, 20 cnns becky anderson looks at how events have unfolded in egypt since the revolution began in january 2011.
Main causes of the egyptian conflict with mubarak by rachel alexander. Egypt, home to one in four arabs, is always a bellwether. Women play vital role in egypt s uprising egyptians have taken to the streets for an 11th day today, in a protest against president hosni mubarak. The egyptian revolution was carried out under a banner notable for its distinct. If is the comingofage story of four young egyptian women who find their voices and change the face of the arab world. Into the hands of the soldiers is a heartbreaking story with a simple message.
Egyptian revolution, also known as arab spring or arab uprising, was a shock for international community because egypt has been seen as one of the strongest military state in north africa region. A growing number of recent studies on the egyptian revolution attribute its beginning to a set of socioeconomic and political factors. Performance of the egyptian economy prior to the 25 th of january revolution. The coverage of egypts revolution reuters institute for the study.
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